Allergy & Asthma (Immunology)

Allergy and asthma are two of the most prevalent chronic respiratory conditions, and they are deeply intertwined through their shared roots in the immune system. This intimate relationship is why specialists in immunology often manage them, focusing on the body’s overactive defense mechanisms.

Allergies: A Case of Mistaken Identity

An allergy is essentially your immune system launching an aggressive attack against a harmless substance. These substances, known as allergens—such as pollen, pet dander, dust mites, or certain foods—are mistaken for dangerous invaders.

This immune overreaction releases chemicals like histamine, leading to classic symptoms:

  • Sneezing and a runny or stuffy nose

  • Itchy, watery eyes

  • Skin rashes or hives

  • Coughing and, in severe cases, difficulty breathing

Asthma: Chronic Inflammation of the Airways

Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the bronchial tubes (airways). This makes it difficult for air to move in and out of the lungs, resulting in:

  • Wheezing (a whistling sound when breathing)

  • Shortness of breath

  • Chest tightness

  • Persistent coughing

For many, asthma and allergies are directly linked. This common combination is known as allergic asthma, where exposure to an allergen can trigger an asthma attack.

Managing Symptoms and Controlling Triggers

Effective management of both conditions is a two-pronged approach: avoiding triggers and using appropriate medications.

For Allergy Management:

  • Medications: Antihistamines to block the effects of histamine, and decongestants to relieve nasal stuffiness.

  • Immunotherapy (Allergy Shots or Tablets): A long-term treatment that gradually desensitizes your immune system to specific allergens, offering lasting relief.

For Asthma Control:

  • Quick-Relief Inhalers (Bronchodilators): Used during an asthma attack to quickly relax tightened airway muscles.

  • Long-Term Control Medicines: Such as inhaled corticosteroids, which reduce underlying airway inflammation to prevent symptoms from occurring.

  • Biologic Therapies: For severe, persistent asthma, these targeted drugs block specific immune system pathways that drive the inflammation.

A Collaborative Approach to Care

Successfully managing allergy and asthma often requires a multidisciplinary team. Pulmonologists (lung specialists) and Allergists/Immunologists work together to create a personalized action plan. This collaborative approach helps patients not only control their symptoms but also maintain an active, high-quality life.

By understanding the immune system’s role and leveraging modern treatments, individuals with allergy and asthma can breathe easier and live without limitations.

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Shahram Seyedi

Shahram Seyedi

Allergist/Immunologist

Dr. Shahram Seyedi is a board-certified allergist and immunologist in Tehran with distinguished expertise in: ✔ Clinical immunology research ✔ Allergy diagnosis […]

Iran, Tehran
Shabnam Zamani

Shabnam Zamani

Pediatrician

Dr. Shabnam Zamani is a skilled pediatrician in Tehran specializing in the care of children and infants. She holds a […]

Iran, Tehran
Hanie Ghane

Hanie Ghane

Pediatrician

Dr. Hanie Ghane is a highly qualified pediatrician in Tehran specializing in the care of infants and newborns. She holds […]

Iran, Tehran