
Dr. Roya Rahmani is a specialist in infectious and febrile diseases in Tehran with a specialized board certification from Shahid […]
Infectious diseases are disorders caused by pathogenic microorganisms—including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites—that can spread directly or indirectly between individuals or through environmental exposure.
Influenza (Flu)
HIV/AIDS
COVID-19
Hepatitis B/C
Tuberculosis (TB)
Pneumonia
Lyme Disease
MRSA
Candidiasis
Aspergillosis
Malaria
Giardiasis
Toxoplasmosis
Laboratory Testing:
✓ PCR tests (viral/bacterial detection)
✓ Blood cultures
✓ Serology (antibody testing)
✓ Microscopy (e.g., for malaria)
Imaging:
✓ Chest X-rays (pneumonia/TB)
✓ CT/MRI for abscesses
Clinical Evaluation:
✓ Symptom assessment
✓ Travel/exposure history
Pathogen Type | Treatment Options |
---|---|
Bacterial | Antibiotics (e.g., penicillin, cephalosporins) |
Viral | Antivirals (e.g., oseltamivir, remdesivir) |
Fungal | Antifungals (e.g., fluconazole) |
Parasitic | Antiparasitics (e.g., artemisinin) |
Emerging Therapies: Monoclonal antibodies, phage therapy
Vaccination:
Annual flu shots
HPV vaccine
COVID-19 boosters
Infection Control:
✓ Hand hygiene
✓ PPE (masks, gloves)
✓ Sterilization protocols
Public Health Measures:
Contact tracing
Quarantine protocols
Vector control (mosquito nets, insecticides)
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A growing threat requiring stewardship programs
Pandemic Preparedness: Lessons from COVID-19
Neglected Tropical Diseases: Affecting 1+ billion people worldwide
Did You Know? 30% of antibiotics prescribed are unnecessary (CDC).
Persistent fever of unknown origin
Recurrent infections
Complex cases (immunocompromised patients)
Pre-/post-travel consultations
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