Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits, including diarrhea, constipation, or both. IBS is a functional disorder, meaning it affects how the gut functions without causing structural damage.
Symptoms: Common symptoms include abdominal cramping, bloating, gas, diarrhea, and constipation. The severity and type of symptoms can vary among individuals.
Diagnosis: IBS is diagnosed based on symptoms, medical history, and exclusion of other conditions. The Rome criteria, which focus on symptom patterns, are often used for diagnosis.
Treatment:
Dietary Changes: Managing IBS often involves dietary adjustments, such as following a low FODMAP diet, increasing fiber intake, or avoiding trigger foods.
Medications: Treatments may include antispasmodics, laxatives, anti-diarrheal medications, and medications targeting specific IBS symptoms.
Stress Management: Stress and anxiety can exacerbate IBS symptoms. Techniques such as mindfulness, relaxation exercises, and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can be beneficial.
Managing IBS involves a combination of dietary modifications, lifestyle changes, and medical treatments to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.
