Allergy and asthma are common respiratory conditions that often fall under the field of immunology due to their strong ties to the immune system. Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to substances such as pollen, pet dander, dust mites, or certain foods, triggering symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Asthma is a chronic lung condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Many individuals with asthma also suffer from allergies, a combination known as allergic asthma.
Treatment for both allergy and asthma typically involves identifying and avoiding triggers, along with the use of medications. For allergies, antihistamines, decongestants, and allergy shots (immunotherapy) are commonly prescribed. Asthma treatment usually includes inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and other anti-inflammatory drugs to control symptoms and prevent flare-ups. In severe cases, biologic therapies may be used to target specific pathways in the immune response. Allergy and asthma management often requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving pulmonologists and immunologists, to help patients manage symptoms and maintain a high quality of life.
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