Autoimmune diseases occur when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues and organs. Under normal circumstances, the immune system protects the body from harmful invaders like bacteria and viruses. However, in people with autoimmune disorders, the immune system identifies healthy cells as foreign threats and launches an attack against them. This results in chronic inflammation and damage to various parts of the body.
There are over 80 types of autoimmune diseases, including conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. Symptoms vary widely depending on the specific disease and the organs involved but often include fatigue, joint pain, skin problems, digestive issues, and recurrent infections. These diseases are often difficult to diagnose because their symptoms can be similar to other conditions.
Treatment for autoimmune diseases typically focuses on managing symptoms and reducing the immune system’s activity to prevent further damage. Medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologic agents are commonly used to control inflammation and slow the progression of the disease. While there is no cure for autoimmune diseases, early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve quality of life, helping patients manage symptoms and prevent long-term complications.
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