Colorectal cancer, also known as colon cancer, affects the colon or rectum and is one of the most common cancers worldwide. It often begins as small, benign growths called polyps that can become cancerous over time.
Risk factors include age, family history, genetic predispositions, and lifestyle factors such as diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption.
Symptoms can vary but commonly include changes in bowel habits, blood in stool, abdominal pain, and unexplained weight loss. Early-stage colorectal cancer may not present noticeable symptoms, which is why regular screening through colonoscopy is crucial.
Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the cancerous tissue, and may be followed by chemotherapy or radiation therapy, depending on the stage and spread of the cancer.
Advances in treatment and early detection have improved prognosis significantly, making regular screening and prompt medical attention vital for managing colorectal cancer effectively.
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