Cystocele, or a prolapsed bladder, is a condition in which the bladder protrudes into the anterior wall of the vagina due to weakened pelvic support tissues. This condition occurs when the connective tissue and muscles that support the bladder become stretched or damaged, often due to childbirth, aging, or chronic straining.
Symptoms of a cystocele may include a sensation of pelvic pressure or fullness, urinary incontinence (leakage), frequent urinary tract infections, and difficulty emptying the bladder completely. In severe cases, a noticeable bulge or protrusion may be visible through the vaginal opening.
Diagnosis is typically made through a pelvic examination, where a healthcare provider will assess the extent of the prolapse and evaluate symptoms. In some cases, imaging studies may be used to gain a clearer understanding of the pelvic anatomy.
Treatment options for a cystocele vary depending on the severity of the condition and the patient’s overall health. Conservative approaches include pelvic floor exercises (Kegel exercises) to strengthen the pelvic muscles and lifestyle modifications to reduce pressure on the bladder. For more severe cases, surgical interventions may be necessary to repair the weakened tissues and restore normal bladder function. Surgical options typically involve procedures to reposition and support the bladder, such as a posterior vaginal repair or anterior colporrhaphy.
