Mammography is an imaging technique that uses low-dose X-rays to examine the breast tissue, primarily to detect breast cancer early, often before symptoms appear. It is a key tool in breast cancer screening and diagnosis, as it can identify abnormalities like lumps, calcifications, or changes in breast tissue structure. There are two main types of mammography: screening mammography, used routinely for women without symptoms to detect early signs of cancer, and diagnostic mammography, used when there are signs such as a lump, pain, or nipple discharge, or to further evaluate abnormalities found during a screening.
Modern mammograms use digital technology, which provides clearer images and reduces radiation exposure compared to older methods. 3D mammography, or tomosynthesis, is an advanced form that creates a detailed, three-dimensional picture of the breast, improving accuracy and reducing false positives. Regular mammograms, typically starting at age 40 or earlier for those with high risk, are crucial for early detection, significantly improving the chances of successful treatment and survival.
