Nosebleeds, or epistaxis, occur when the blood vessels in the nasal lining rupture, causing bleeding from one or both nostrils. They can be caused by various factors, including dry air, allergies, sinus infections, nasal trauma, or underlying medical conditions. Most nosebleeds are minor and can be managed at home by pinching the nostrils together, leaning slightly forward to prevent swallowing blood, and applying a cold compress to the nose. For recurrent or severe nosebleeds, medical evaluation may be necessary to identify and address the underlying cause. Treatments may include cauterization of the bleeding vessels, nasal packing, or the use of nasal sprays to manage symptoms. If a nosebleed is caused by a structural issue or medical condition, such as hypertension or bleeding disorders, managing the underlying condition is crucial. Preventive measures include using a humidifier to maintain moisture in the air, avoiding nasal irritants, and gently blowing the nose to reduce the risk of bleeding.
