Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental health disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. People with schizophrenia may experience hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and difficulty functioning in daily life. This condition affects approximately 1% of the global population and typically emerges in late adolescence or early adulthood.

Key Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia symptoms are categorized into positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms:

  • Positive symptoms – These include hallucinations (hearing or seeing things that aren’t there) and delusions (false beliefs not based in reality).

  • Negative symptoms – These involve reduced emotional expression, social withdrawal, and lack of motivation.

  • Cognitive symptoms – Difficulty concentrating, memory problems, and impaired decision-making.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but research suggests a combination of factors:

  • Genetics – A family history of schizophrenia increases risk.

  • Brain chemistry – Imbalances in neurotransmitters like dopamine and glutamate may contribute.

  • Environmental factors – Stress, trauma, prenatal infections, and drug use (especially cannabis in adolescence) may trigger symptoms in vulnerable individuals.

Treatment and Management

While there is no cure for schizophrenia, effective treatments can help manage symptoms:

  • Antipsychotic medications – Help reduce hallucinations and delusions.

  • Therapy – Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychosocial support improve coping skills.

  • Lifestyle changes – Regular exercise, a healthy diet, and avoiding substance abuse can enhance quality of life.

Breaking the Stigma

Misconceptions about schizophrenia often lead to stigma. Education and awareness are crucial in supporting individuals with this condition. With proper treatment, many people with schizophrenia can lead fulfilling lives.

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of schizophrenia, seek professional help from a mental health specialist. Early intervention can make a significant difference in long-term outcomes.

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Roya Samadi

Roya Samadi

Psychiatrist

Dr. Roya Samadi is a highly experienced and academically accomplished psychiatrist based in Mashhad, Iran. She has held key leadership […]

Iran, Mashhad
Maryam Alavirad

Maryam Alavirad

Psychiatrist

Dr. Maryam Alavirad is a skilled and compassionate psychiatrist based in Isfahan, Iran, with a diverse range of expertise covering […]

Iran, Isfahan
Samaneh Mousavinasab

Samaneh Mousavinasab

Psychiatrist

Dr. Samaneh Mousavinasab is a highly respected psychiatrist based in Tehran, known for her compassionate and evidence-based approach to mental […]

Iran, Tehran
Maryam Hejazi

Maryam Hejazi

Psychiatrist

Dr. Maryam Hejazi is a highly qualified and compassionate psychiatrist based in Tehran, Iran, with extensive experience in both pharmacological […]

Iran, Tehran