Sinusitis is an inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses, which are hollow cavities within the bones surrounding the nose. Normally, sinuses are filled with air, but when they become blocked and filled with fluid, germs such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi can grow and cause an infection. Sinusitis can be caused by various factors, including colds, allergies, nasal polyps, or a deviated septum.
There are different types of sinusitis, including acute, subacute, chronic, and recurrent. Acute sinusitis typically lasts less than four weeks and is often triggered by a cold or viral infection. Chronic sinusitis, on the other hand, can last for 12 weeks or longer and may be linked to ongoing allergies or structural problems in the nasal cavity.
Symptoms of sinusitis include facial pain or pressure, nasal congestion, thick nasal discharge (often yellow or green), cough, headache, and a reduced sense of smell. Treatment may involve nasal decongestants, saline nasal sprays, or prescription medications such as antibiotics or corticosteroids, depending on the cause and severity of the infection. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary, especially for chronic sinusitis caused by structural issues.
Managing sinusitis often involves addressing underlying factors such as allergies or avoiding triggers that may lead to repeated infections.
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