Sleep Disorders

Sleep disorders encompass a variety of conditions that affect the quality, duration, and timing of sleep, leading to health issues such as:

✔ Daytime fatigue
✔ Poor concentration
✔ Mood changes
✔ Long-term health risks


Common Sleep Disorders & Symptoms

1. Insomnia

  • Symptoms: Trouble falling/staying asleep, waking up too early

  • Causes: Stress, anxiety, poor sleep habits

2. Sleep Apnea

  • Symptoms: Loud snoring, gasping for air, daytime sleepiness

  • Risk: High blood pressure, heart disease

3. Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)

  • Symptoms: Uncomfortable leg urges, worsened at night

  • Relief: Movement temporarily helps

4. Circadian Rhythm Disorders

  • Examples: Jet lag, shift work disorder

  • Effect: Body’s sleep-wake cycle is misaligned

5. Parasomnias (Abnormal Sleep Behaviors)

  • Types: Sleepwalking, night terrors, acting out dreams (REM disorder)


How Are Sleep Disorders Diagnosed?

🔹 Sleep diary (tracking sleep patterns)
🔹 Polysomnography (sleep study) – Monitors brain waves, breathing, movement
🔹 Home sleep apnea tests (for suspected apnea)


Treatment Options

Lifestyle & Behavioral Changes

✔ Consistent sleep schedule
✔ Relaxation techniques (meditation, deep breathing)
✔ Avoiding caffeine/alcohol before bed

Medical Treatments

  • CPAP machine (for sleep apnea)

  • Medications (short-term for insomnia, dopamine agents for RLS)

  • Light therapy (for circadian disorders)

When to See a Doctor

  • If sleep problems last over a month

  • If you experience daytime drowsiness, snoring, or memory issues


Why Proper Sleep Matters

Poor sleep increases risk of:
❌ Heart disease
❌ Diabetes
❌ Depression
❌ Weakened immunity


Quick Sleep Tips

🌙 Keep a cool, dark bedroom
📵 Avoid screens 1 hour before bed
🚭 No nicotine/caffeine close to bedtime
🏃‍♂️ Daily exercise (but not right before sleep)

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Years of experience:
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Samira Aminzadeh

Samira Aminzadeh

Neurologist

Dr. Samira Aminzadeh is a highly respected neurologist in Mashhad, Iran, with more than a decade of experience in diagnosing […]

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Dr. Maryam Zaribafian is a notable neurologist based in Tehran, Iran, affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences. Her […]

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Parisa Fazli Panah

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Dr. Parisa Fazli Panah is an anesthesiologist and a specialist in sleep disorders based in Tehran. She completed her superspecialized […]