Oncology is the medical specialty focused on:
Cancer prevention
Early detection and diagnosis
Personalized treatment strategies
Long-term survivorship care
| Specialty | Focus Area | Key Treatments |
|---|---|---|
| Medical Oncology | Drug therapies | Chemotherapy, Immunotherapy, Targeted therapy |
| Surgical Oncology | Tumor removal | Lumpectomy, Mastectomy, Tumor resection |
| Radiation Oncology | Radiation therapy | IMRT, Brachytherapy, Proton therapy |
| Pediatric Oncology | Childhood cancers | Specialized pediatric protocols |
| Hematologic Oncology | Blood cancers | Bone marrow transplants, CAR-T therapy |
Genetic testing (NGS panels)
Biomarker-driven therapies
Liquid biopsies for monitoring
Checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1/PD-L1)
CAR-T cell therapy
Cancer vaccines
Robotic surgery
Laparoscopic procedures
Image-guided ablations
✔ Oncologists (lead treatment planning)
✔ Oncology nurses (provide specialized care)
✔ Palliative care specialists (manage symptoms)
✔ Psychosocial support (counselors, social workers)
✔ Rehabilitation experts (restore function)
5-year survival rates have increased by 20% since 2000
Childhood cancer survival now exceeds 80% for many types
Immunotherapy responses show durable remission in previously untreatable cancers
✓ Second leading cause of global deaths
✓ 18 million new cases annually worldwide
✓ 40% preventable through lifestyle changes
✓ Early detection improves outcomes by 90%
AI-assisted diagnostics
Circulating tumor DNA monitoring
Preventive vaccines (e.g., HPV, Hepatitis B)
Personalized cancer vaccines
“Modern oncology combines cutting-edge science with compassionate care to transform cancer from a death sentence to a manageable condition.”
(Consult an oncologist for personalized cancer screening and prevention strategies.)
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