Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a serious infection of the female reproductive system that primarily affects the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It often arises as a complication of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, but can also result from other bacterial infections. The bacteria typically ascend from the vagina through the cervix to the upper reproductive organs, leading to inflammation and potential scarring.
Many women with PID experience mild or even no symptoms, making early detection challenging. When symptoms do occur, they may include pain in the lower abdomen, unusual vaginal discharge (which may be foul-smelling), irregular menstrual bleeding, pain during intercourse, and fever. If left untreated, PID can lead to severe complications such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancies, where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus.
Diagnosis of PID is often based on clinical evaluation and may include pelvic examinations and tests for STIs. Treatment typically involves a course of antibiotics to eliminate the infection. In more severe cases or when abscesses form, hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics may be necessary.
Preventative measures include practicing safe sex by using condoms and getting regular STI screenings, especially for those with multiple sexual partners. Awareness of PID’s symptoms and risks is crucial for timely intervention and reducing long-term health consequences.
Dr. Şerare Moridi is a prominent obstetrician and gynecologist based in Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey. She specializes in various aspects of women’s health, including […]
